Hormones system

Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG)

SHBG

The protein that binds testosterone and estrogen — controls how much is biologically active.

What is it

Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) — in plain English.

SHBG is a protein produced by the liver that binds sex hormones (primarily testosterone and estradiol) in circulation. When SHBG is high, less hormone is biologically free; when SHBG is low, more hormone is free.

Why it's measured

What SHBG can reveal.

SHBG is essential context for interpreting testosterone and estradiol values. Insulin resistance, thyroid status, and liver function all influence SHBG levels in research literature.

Reference range

Where most laboratories draw the standard line.

Standard laboratory reference

Men: 10 – 57 / Women: 18 – 144 nmol/L

Reference ranges vary by laboratory. Your individual reference range will appear on your test report and should be interpreted by your physician in the context of your overall health profile.

What results may indicate

Higher vs. lower SHBG — at a high level.

Elevated

Often seen with hyperthyroidism, certain medications, or aging in research literature. Reduces free hormone levels.

Lower

Has been associated with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and obesity in published research.

These associations are general. They are not a personal diagnosis or prediction. Discuss your individual results with your physician in the context of your full health profile.

When it's measured

When SHBG is typically run.

Measured alongside total testosterone for free testosterone calculation and metabolic context.

Related markers

Often measured alongside SHBG.

Measured in

SHBG is one of 160 biomarkers in the Apex Panel.

A complete look at your heart, hormones, metabolism, inflammation, and longevity systems — drawn at Quest or LabCorp, reviewed by a U.S.-licensed physician.

Explore the Apex Panel
160 biomarkers13 body systemsPhysician-reviewed
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This information is for general educational purposes only and is not medical advice. Lab results alone are not intended to diagnose, treat, or cure any condition and do not replace the advice of a healthcare provider. OPTML does not offer medical advice, a diagnosis, medical treatment, or any form of medical opinion.